: ѵ / ddoch@hitel.kol.co.kr
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1. 鼭 ...
2. 64Ʈΰ? . ó Ŀ 32Ʈ. ̶ 翡 Ÿ Ͽ Ͽ, ҽ ڵ带 ü Ͽ. ̶ Ŀ 1.0 ECOFF Ư ־, ũⰡ 峭 ƴϿٰ Ѵ. Ŀ ŵ嵶 ǰ, Լ Jensen ӽ ( 迭 ) , ۾ ϰ ȴ. 1994 10 24, Ŀ 1.1.60 include/asm-alpha 丮 Ŀο ߰Ǿ. ̶ Ŀ gcc ʰ, ʿ䰡 н ִ Ϸ ߾. gcc DZ ̾. ð л XFree86 ̽Ÿ (Jay Eastabrook) ۼ ϷǾ, 64-bit ⺻ ġ ʿ ۾ Ǿ. ̵ ٽ ܺο ڸ ް ȴ. C ̺귯 64Ʈ ǽ(Bob Manson) Ȯ ý ̺ (David Mosberger-Tang) ԵǾ ־. ħ ð 귯 Ŀ 1.2 ö ǰ, Ÿ ̺귯 GNU Ϻ 64Ʈ Ǿ. ó ̳ʸ ECOFF,
1996 7 GNU libc ELF ý ȯϿ
̺귯 ڿ ־.
3. Ķ ΰ? Ĵ Digital Equipment Corporation
μ ø̴. CPU Ϲ CPU CISC Űİ
ƴ, ٸ ణ , RISC 64Ʈ μ̴.
92 ó 21064 迭 150MHz Ÿ ̾ 翡
21164 600MHz õǾ. 21264 迭 žư鼭
GIGA MHz Ѿ ӵ ̱ ư .
̼ ִ PC Ľý 21164 466~533MHz
ž PC164LX 21164PC ž PC164SX
̾ ̴ UX,ZX .
̿ܿ л翡 Ǹϴ ũ̼DZ
ӽ鵵 ټ ִ.
4. ġ 1) ϴ ϵ
ϴ ϵ 캸. PC164LX PC164SX ֱٿ ̶ 5.0 ȴ. MILO ̹ ߰ ִ ý Ű 鿡 Ư Ƿ 4.2 ִ ϴ . SCSI Ʈѷ NCR 810, NCR 850, BusLogic PCI, Adaptec AHA2940 迭, Qlogic 1020 ISP, Jensen AHA1740 ư. ī PCI ǰ ϰ, 3Com, NE2000 ȣȯ ī嵵 ư. ī Ϲ S3 Ĩ ϰ, иϾ MGA II 5.0 ưٴ ϰ ϴ.
2)
ġ ġ ʱ ϰ
ġ ϴ.
ְ, ִ ϰڴ.
翡 ߸ϴ 뷫 50$ Ѵ.
̷ϴ Ʈ Ƽ ġϴ ͵
. 쿡 ̳ʸ
ִ 찡 Ƿ ϴ . ( 쿡
4.2 lp迭 ɾ Ÿ ƿƼ ߿
Ϻ ־, 5.0 ⺻ ̺귯
Ű¡Ǿ ־ ġ Ұߴ. ̷
Ƽ õ ɼ ϰ...) ̰ ̿ ϴ , Ѱ ⺻ ̿ NT ̿μ NT ġ ϱ Ǿ ־, ڿ ٴ ̴. ִ ƴұ Ѵ. ü ϸ鼭 ڻ ӽ NT ŭ̳ ڵ ϰ ұϰ, NT ϴ ó簡 ƴ϶ . Ǿ ٵ MS ȴ . · Ŀ ϴ ִ. MILO ̹ : MILO(MiniLoader)
ϴ ϸ, ٸ OS MILO ̹ ũ ( Ŀ
縦 )
MILO ũ MILO ÷Ǹ ؼ н ýۿ dd ϰų, ũμƮ NT MS-DOS ýۿ õ ִ rawrite.exe α ִ. dd Ϸ, CD Ʈϰ (/mnt/cdrom Ʈϴ ϰڴ.), milo/image/ ýۿ ´ ̹ Ѵ. ֽű MILO ̹ 4.2 Ƿ 5.0 õ ϴ, ƴϸ ̷ Ʈ alpha MILO ִ. ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/Digital/Linux-Alpha/Miniloader/latest-Images/ ֱ MILO ̹ ö´. FAT ˵ ÷ǿ MILO ̹ CDROM ִ linload.exe ؼ ȴ. ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/redhat-5.0/alpha Ʈ ̷ Ʈ
ֽ ִ 丮 MILO ̹ ο
ִ. cd/mnt/cdrom rawrite Ϸ, ýۿ ´ ̹ , Ѵ. (õ ̺갡 d: Ѵ.) d: rawrite ̹ ̸
ε, ýۿ MILO ̹ ̸
ԷѴ. ( : lx164.img) ̹ ̺긦
a: ԷѴ.
Ŀ (Boot) ũ MILO ÷ ũ Ŀ, ڽ ý
ŸԿ ´ Linux/Alpha Ŀ Ʈ ÷Ǹ
Ѵ. Ŀ ̹ CD images/ 丮
ִ. cd/mnt/cdrom ( NT MS-DOS ) rawrite ϼŵ ϴ. d: rawrite ϸ, ̹ ̸
µ ýۿ Ŀ ̹ ̸ ԷѴ.
( : lx164.img) ̹ ̺긦 µ,
Ϲ a: Էϸ ȴ. PC164LX PC164SX 쿡 Ŀ ̹ ٸ eb164.img ϸ ϰ ġ ִ. ̋ ý Ÿ Ȯϰ ʱ ణ Ƿ ġ Ŀ ϱ ٶ.
ũ ũ ̹ CD images/ramdisk.img ̴. ũ ̹ MILO ÷dz Ʈ ÷Ǹ dd rawrite ϸ ȴ. (Linux UNIX ) dd Ѵٸ... cd/mnt/cdrom rawrite Ѵٸ... d: rawrite ̹ ̸ µ,
ramdisk.img ԷѴ. ̹ ̺긦
, Ϲ a: Էϸ ȴ.
̿ Ŀ ϸ ִ´ٰ õǴ ƴϴ. ؼ ̿ ؾ Ѵ. ó ī忡 ְ, AlphaPowered Բ ǻ ϳ ´. ġ ãƳ ʱȭϴ . ڰ ϰ ִ ý Digital Alpha 21164 533Mhz AlphaPC164LX̴. ȭ鿡 Ÿ ̴.
ʱȭ , . ġ Ϸ ýۿ .
츮 ġ ʾұ ƹ Ÿ ʴ´. <F2> AlphaBIOS SETUP ȭ . , CMOS Setup ð Ȯ . ð ߸Ǿ , ġÿ ִ. Ʒ Auto Start Count ڵ ýñ ð̴. ġ ϰ Ű ġ ŷӴٸ Ŀ غ ͵ ̴. Network Setup . ýÿ Ʈ ʱȭ , DC21X4 ī 쿡 , ٸ ī带 쿡 ǹ̰ . ð ϹǷ Network Setup Network disable Ű ִ. Ʈ ٽ ʱȭϹǷ . DC21X4 ī带 쿡 Network Ȯ ڽ Ʈ 翡 ָ ̴. Ʈ ʴٸ ׳ ص . Linux ؼ 'Utilites' 'OS selection Setup...' . ƹ ų ִ Windows NT ϳ ̴. ϳ , ġ OS ִٸ ؼ,
̷ غ. Boot Name ڱ ص . OS Options Ŀ MILO Ŀ ڵ о̵ ϴµ ϸ ϴ. ׳ Ѿ. ϰ, ͼ Ű. ̿ ϰ Ƿ ϴ . Linux OS ϳ ̴.
ġϱ MILO ũ ְ, Ű ߿ MILO о̸鼭 ȭ ٲ. ƹ ̻ ٸ MILO> Ʈ ̴. Ŀ ̹ ũ ÷ ̺꿡 ְ, Է. MILO> boot fd0:vmlinux.gz root=/gev/fd0 load_ramdisk=1 prompt_ramdisk=1 MILO Ʈ ũ Ŀ о װ ų ̴. Ŀ Ʈ , ũ ε, ̶ ̸ ũ ÷Ǹ ÷ ̺꿡 ְ Enter . ÷Ǹ о鿴 ȭ Ÿ ̴. ⼭ ʹ ġ ϹǷ ĿǸ ϸ鼭 ġ ϸ ̴. Ϸ MILO ̹ ʿѵ, ÷Ǹ Ƿ Ƽ ÿ ù ° Ƽǿ 6ް(ּ 2ް) FAT Ƶε . ռ ̾߱ AlphaBIOS FAT ISO9660 ý۸ о ֱ ̴. ϴ FAT Ƽ ̸ "DOS 16-bit>=32"̴. Ѱ ؾ ðÿ ARC ֿܼ о ϴ ̴. Ŀ ̰ /sbin/timeconfig ٽ ִ. ġ ռ Ŀ ÷Ǹ ϵũ ϴ ̹Ƿ Ŀ ÷Ǹ ־־ Ѵ. ڿ δ Ű ġٰ Ǽ Ͽ ¯ 繬 ɼ Ƿ ϴ . :) Ȥó ũ ̹ ־ ä Ű ƴٸ ġ ó ٽ ؾ Ѵ. ( 4.2 ) ũ ǻ 쿡 yp ø Ű amd ġ ߿ ִ . ̵ ũ Ű κп ִµ, ý ϱ ظ Ѵ. Ʈ ̴.
ڵȭϱ ġ ٸ غ. ռ ̾߱ MILO ̹ FAT ý ʾҴٸ . ̹ FAT ý ٸ ص ȴ. /dev/hda1 . mkfs.msdos /dev/hda1 (ġ ٸ) Ʈ ϰ, MILO ÷ǿ Ѵ. mount -t msdos /dev/hda1/mnt/dos linload.exe milo ̴.
MILO> boot sda2:vmlinux.gz root=/dev/sda2 ̰ SCSI ϵũ ° Ƽ ̴. vmlinux.gz ̶ ̸ ٸ ̸ Ŀ ִ. ýۿ ܼ single single ָ ȴ. MILO> boot hda2:vmlinux.exit.gz root=/dev/hda2 single
Linux NT Ƽ Ŀ Linux NT Ƽ ϴ.
NT ̿ ϴ NT ġ ϸ
ġش. NT ڴ Ƿ
ġϱ⸦ Ѵ. NT Ȯ ƼDZ
Ŀ ġ . NT ġ ߿
ణ ʿϴ. NT OS Loader ȴ.
̰͵ FAT 䱸ϱ Ƽ Ϸ, MILO ϱ
6MB NT ýÿ Բ Ƿ
ſ ȿ̴. ̸Ӹ E-IDE Ÿ 뷫 3.2GB 뷮 ϵ忡
ġѴٰ , 뷫 Ƽ
̴.
hda1 ڵ milo ̹ milo δ linload.exe Ǵ ̸, ÿ NT ⵿ ϰ ߿ ϴ ִ. ýۿ FAT ̱ ̴.
5. Ŀ Ŀ ϳ ŰĿ ʿ
ҽ ִ. ⺻ ڵ
Makefile arch = i386 ̶ ִ.
ŰĿ κ /usr/src/linux 쿡,
include arch 丮 ִ. Ƹ ǥ
ġϿٸ /usr/src/linux Ŀ ҽ ̴.
ٸ ( Ŀ ġ ) Ŀ
ҽ sunsite ؼ ǥ 丮(/usr/src)
Ǯ. ڴ Ŀ 2.0.32 Ѵ. ƹ 2.0.32
fragment װ ġ ʾұ ̴. ftp://gatekeeper.dec.com/pub/Digital/Linux-Alpha/Kernels/alpha-patches-2.0.32-0.1.gz gatekeeper Ʈ 丮 2.0.30
Ŀ ġ Բ ϱ ٶ. cd/usr/src/ غ Ƿ Ŀ Ͽ
. cd/usr/src/linux Ŀ ÿ ý Ÿδ ڽ Űó ´ ؾ Ѵ. Ͽ ϰų 뿡 ִ. 1 : ð ʴٴ find/usr/src/linux -type f -exec touch {} ; 2: PYXIS /usr/src/linux/include/linux/autoconf.h Ͽ, #define CONFIG_ALPHA_PYXIS 1 ãƼ Ѵ. #under CONFIG_ALPHA_PYXIS autoonf.h Ŀ ģ Ŀ Ư
ϱ ڵ Ǵ
̴. 3 : Ӱ Ŀ ȵȴٸ MILO> boot hda3:vmlinux.old root=/dev/hda3 Ŀ ٽ õѴ. 4 : ȭ鿡 Ʈ
õ Ÿٸ
6. EM86 x86 ̳ʸ EM86̶ ΰ? ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Linux-Alpha/em86/v0.2/
EM86 Ŀġ kernel-patches 丮 alpha-patches-2.0.30-0.2a.gz ´. EM86 Ŀ ġ غ. 2.0.30 Ŀ ҽ
sunsite Ƽ /usr/src/ Ǭ.
EM86 Ʈ ġ Ŀ ġ ̿ܿ EM86 ϴ Ʈ ̺귯 RPMS 丮 rpm ִ. ִ Ʈ ġ ʿ . ݵ ʿ 3̴. em86-0.2-1.alpha.rpm : EM86 ķ̴. Ŀ ϴ Ʈ ġ
ִ. for in ls em86*rpm : do rpm -Uvh ignorearch force nodeps $i ; done 4.0 Ű
ĺڷ alpha ƴ axp ϹǷ, 4.0 ġϷ
ignorearch Ͽ ġϿ Ѵ. for i in rpm -qa | grep em86 ; do rpm -e nodeps $i ; done ݱ Ŀ ġ EM86 Ʈ ̺귯 ġϿٸ x86 α ϳ ͼ . Ŀ ġ ʾҴٸ α ÿ ̴. Your kernel dose not support 31-bit addressing!
x86 ݽ Ʈ غ ư. ӵ ̴. x86 hwp Ʈ غ ư ʾҴ. x86 Ǵ ý ȣ Ŀο δ. ̿ Ư ƴϸ κ ư δ. ֽ ý PC164LX PC164SX 쿡 Ŀο ԵǾ Ƿ ý Ÿ ߱ ؼ ġ ؾ տ ̾߱Ͽ. EM86 Ŀ ġ Ŀ 2.0.30 Ǹ ŰĿ ȴ. EM86 Ŀ ġ ϴ ڽ Űĸ ʴ´ٸ ϳ ϴ ۿ . ̷ 쿡 ϳ EM86 Ŀΰ ڽ ý ŸԿ Ŀ غϿ ʿ信 Ŀη ϴ ֱ ϴ. ϳ ؾ Ѵٸ EM86 ϴ . EM86 ߰ Űĸ Ȯ ߴ Ŀ ȭ ⺻ ̱ ̴. EM86 0.2 ִ. ϴ κ α ҽ Բ Ǵ 찡 Ƽ Ͽ ϸ ǹǷ EM86 ؾ . EM86 ȴ.
7. ý ؾ 64Ʈ տ ̾߱ߴ. gcc glibc 64Ʈ ̹ Ǿ. ϴ ۾ ٰ . ڰ ϴ Ÿ UNIX OS ϴ ۾ ۾ ʿ . ̶ Ű Կ ϵ Ѵ. α ߿ Ư ŰĿ , Ŀ ٷ Ͽ ϴ α 쿡 ÿ Ǹ ← Ѵ. ؾ 캸 .
long void* ũ 64Ʈ C α ̶ غ ̶ int
ڷ ŰĿ ǵǴ ˰ ִ. int
ڷ ũ 16Ʈ, 32Ʈ, ?
ۿ 32Ʈ̴. int, short int, long int ڷ
Ư . ٸ Ȳ Ͽ ϰ
äõǾ ̴. int8_t : 8Ʈ
ũ ȣִ
struct termio struct termios ٸ α ۼ struct termio struct termios ׳ 찡 ִ. ̽ ȣȯ ʴ´. , struct termio Ϸ TCGETA, TCSETAF, TCSETAW, TCSETA Ͽ ϰ, struct termios Ϸ TCGETS, TCSETSF, TCSETSW, TCSETS Ͽ Ѵ.
ý ⺻ word Ʈ а ִ ӽ ּ ó(word) ȭȴ. , ̷ ѹ аų ۾ ѹ CPU óDZ ̿ ٸ . Ư, Ĩ 8Ʈ(byte) 16Ʈ(short) а ϳ ȭ ߴ. ̷ ġ ͷƮ ȭų ų ִ. ̿ Ͽ μ ִ.
8. ý ɰ Ȳ 533MHz PC ˷ ְ 600MHz ̹ ־ ǵ δ. CPU 21164 21264 Ѿ鼭 1GHz ư Ͱ. Intel Pentium II 300MHz Alpha 533MHz ϸ 꿡 1.5, ε Ҽ 꿡 3 Alpha SpecFp95 SpecInt95 ġũ ִ. CPU Ǵ Bogmips Pentium Pro 200 200ε Alpha 533 535 ̴. ڰ ϰ ִ LX164 CPU proc ý ̴. EM86 ϴ CPU ִ. ڰ ް ý . ٵ ӵ鿡 ÿ ־. Ŀ ÿ 븦 ¿ ð ʴ´. ִ. ū Ŀ ̳ʸ ִ. CD α gopher ã ߴµ, rpm I386 ̳ʸ. ڰ þ ִ ̹Ƿ ϱ Ѵ. ° Ŀ ̴. Ŀ 쿡 ٽ ϴ ŷο ۾ ľ 찡 ѹ ִ. ߰ ġ ϳ νĽŰ Ŀ ٽ ϴµ ̷ 쿡 Ŀ Ͽ ͼϴٰ ϴ ʾ ִ. ̷ κе鵵 Ŀ Ǿ ذ δ. Ʈ |